Recursos protectores del uso del condón en hombres con VIH desde una perspectiva ecológica

Autores/as

  • Ricardo Sánchez-Medina Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
  • Consuelo Rubi Rosales-Piña Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
  • David Javier Enríquez Negrete Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
  • Juan Carlos Plascencia-de la Torre Universidad de Guadalajara, México

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.63790/cdvs.v19i1.513

Palabras clave:

modelo ecológico, condón, hombres, VIH, recursos

Resumen

El uso consistente del condón continúa siendo una estrategia fundamental para prevenir la transmisión del VIH y otras infecciones de transmisión sexual. No obstante, la mayor parte de la investigación se ha centrado en los factores de riesgo asociados a su uso inconsistente, mientras que los recursos protectores han recibido menor atención, particularmente en hombres que viven con VIH. El objetivo de este estudio fue comprender, desde las experiencias de hombres que viven con VIH, los recursos protectores que favorecen el uso del condón utilizando el modelo ecológico como marco analítico. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas a 31 hombres con una edad promedio de 26 años y un tiempo promedio de 2.6 años desde el diagnóstico de VIH. La información fue analizada mediante análisis temático con apoyo del software Atlas.ti e interpretada de acuerdo con los niveles del modelo ecológico. Los resultados identificaron recursos protectores en el microsistema (educación sexual familiar, comunicación con la pareja y experiencias derivadas del diagnóstico), el mesosistema (amistades, educación sexual escolar y contexto de la relación de pareja), el exosistema (servicios de salud y políticas públicas) y el macrosistema (normas culturales, valores de autocuidado y conciencia social sobre la salud sexual). Los hallazgos muestran que el uso del condón constituye una práctica construida mediante la interacción de múltiples contextos, lo que evidencia la utilidad del modelo ecológico para comprender el autocuidado sexual y orientar intervenciones multinivel dirigidas a hombres que viven con VIH.

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Publicado

2026-10-26

Cómo citar

Sánchez-Medina, R., Rosales-Piña, C. R. ., Enríquez Negrete, D. J. ., & Plascencia-de la Torre, J. C. . (2026). Recursos protectores del uso del condón en hombres con VIH desde una perspectiva ecológica. Calidad De Vida Y Salud, 19(1), 242-264. https://doi.org/10.63790/cdvs.v19i1.513

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