Relationship between Basic Psychological Needs and Burnout among Dentists in Valencian Community
Keywords:
Basic psychological needs, burnout, dentists, work environmentAbstract
Basic psychological needs theory (Deci y Ryan, 2000) defends that when people feel that their needs for autonomy, competence and relatedness are satisfied well-being will be promoted, otherwise negative psychological consequences can appear. The main purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the satisfaction of the basic psychological needs at work and the dentist’s burnout experiences. The participants of this study were 366 dentists (nwomen = 260; nmen = 106) between 24 and 69 years old (M = 37.63; DT = 9.69) who filled out a series of on-line questionnaires anonymously. The results showed that the dentists refer a high satisfaction of their basic psychological needs at work, while they report having limited burnout experiences. The linear regression analysis showed that the satisfaction of the psychological need of autonomy, competence and relatedness, negative and significantly predicted the experience of burnout of the dentists, explaining 28.6% of its variance. As a conclusion we highlight the importance of promoting the satisfaction of the basic psychological needs of dental professionals to prevent their burnout experiences.
References
Ahola, K. y Hakanen, J. (2007). Job strain, burnout, and depressive symptoms: A prospective study among dentists. Journal of Affective Disorders, 104(1–3), 103–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2007.03.004
Anaya Aguilar, C. (2015). El sindrome de Burnout en los dentistas en España. Universidad de Salamanca.
Babenko, O. (2018). Professional Well-Being of Practicing Physicians: The Roles of Autonomy, Competence, and Relatedness. Healthcare, 6(1), 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare6010012
Baumeister, R. F., y Leary, M. R. (1995). Need To Belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117(3), 497–529.
Calvo, J. M., Kwatra, J., Yansane, A., Tokede, O., Gorter, R. C., y Kalenderian, E. (2017). Burnout and Work Engagement Among US Dentists. Journal of Patient Safety, 00(00), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1097/PTS.0000000000000355
Choy, H. B. y Wong, M. C. M. (2017). Occupational stress and burnout among Hong Kong dentists. Hong Kong Medical Journal, 23(5), 480–488. https://doi.org/10.12809/hkmj166143
Collin, V., Toon, M., O’selmo, E., Reynolds, L., y Whitehead, P. (2019). A survey of stress, burnout and well-being in UK dentists. British Dental Journal, 226(1), 40–49. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.2019.6
Cordes, C. L., Dougherty, T. W., y Blum, M. (1997). Patterns of burnout among managers and professionals: A comparison of models. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 18(6), 685–701. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1379(199711)18:6<685::AID-JOB817>3.0.CO;2-U
DeCharms, R. C. (1968). Personal causation: The internal affective determinants of behavior. New York: Academic Press.
Deci, E. L. y Ryan, R. M. (2000). The “What” and “Why” of Goal Pursuits: Human Needs and the Self-Determination of Behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 37–41. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104
Deci, E. L. y Ryan, R. M. (2008). Self-determination theory: A macrotheory of human motivation, development, and health. Canadian Psychology, 49(3), 182–185. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0012801
Deci, E. L., Ryan, R. M., Gagné, M., Leone, D. R., Usunov, J., y Kornazheva, B. P. (2001). Need satisfaction, motivation, and well-being in the work organizations of a former eastern bloc country: A cross-cultural study of self-determination. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27(8), 930–942. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167201278002
Delgado Herrada, M. y Garcia Cadena, C. (2015). Validación de la Escala de las Necesidades Psicológicas Básicas en el Contexto Laboral. Tesis Doctoral. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León.
Denton, D. A., Newton, J. T., y Bower, E. J. (2008). Occupational burnout and work engagement: A national survey of dentists in the United Kingdom. British Dental Journal, 205(7), E13. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.2008.654
Desrumaux, P., Lapointe, D., Ntsame Sima, M., Boudrias, J. S., Savoie, A., y Brunet, L. (2015). The impact of job demands, climate, and optimism on well-being and distress at work: What are the mediating effects of basic psychological need satisfaction? Revue Europeenne de Psychologie Appliquee, 65(4), 179–188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erap.2015.06.003
Divaris, K., Polychronopoulou, A., Taoufik, K., Katsaros, C., y Eliades, T. (2012). Stress and burnout in postgraduate dental education. European Journal of Dental Education, 16(1), 35–42. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0579.2011.00715.x
Felton, J. S. (1998). Burnout as a clinical entity - its importance in health care workers. Occupational Medicine, 48(4), 237–250. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/48.4.237
Gil-Monte, P. (2005). El síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo (burnout). Una enfermedad laboral en la sociedad del bienestar. Pirámide.
Goetz, K., Hasse, P., Szecsenyi, J., y Campbell, S. M. (2016). Questionnaire for measuring organisational attributes in dental-care practices : Psychometric properties and test – retest reliability. International Dental Journal, 66, 93–98. https://doi.org/10.1111/idj.12209
Goetz, K., Campbell, S., Broge, B., Brodowski, M., Steinhaeuser, J., Wensing, M., y Szecsenyi, J. (2013). Job satisfaction of practice assistants in general practice in Germany: An observational study. Family Practice, 30(4), 411–417. https://doi.org/10.1093/fampra/cmt015
Goetz, K., Schuldei, R., y Steinhäuser, J. (2019). Working conditions, job satisfaction and challenging encounters in dentistry: a cross-sectional study. International Dental Journal, 69(1), 44–49. https://doi.org/10.1111/idj.12414
González, L., Castillo, I., García-Merita, M., y Balaguer, I. (2015). Apoyo a la autonomía, satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas y bienestar: Invarianza de un modelo estructural en futbolistas y bailarines (Autonomy support, psychological needs satisfaction and well-being: Invariance of a structural model in soccer players and dancers). Revista de Psicología Del Deporte, 24(1), 121–129.
Gorter, R. C., Albrecht, G., Hoogstraten, J., y Eijkman, M. A. J. (1998). Work place characteristics, work stress and burnout among Dutch dentists. European Journal of Oral Sciences, 106(6), 999–1005.
Gorter, R. C., Eijkman, M. A. J., y Hoogstraten, J. (2000). Burnout and health among Dutch dentists. European Journal of Oral Sciences, 108(4), 261–267. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0722.2000.108004261.x
Gorter, R. C. y Freeman, R. (2011). Burnout and engagement in relation with job demands and resources among dental staff in Northern Ireland. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 39(1), 87–95. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.2010.00568.x
Hakanen, J. J., Schaufeli, W. B., y Ahola, K. (2008). The Job Demands-Resources model : A three-year cross-lagged study of burnout, depression, commitment, and work engagement. Work and Stress, 22(3), 224–341. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678370802379432
Hassan, A., y Al-jubari, I. (2015). Basic psychological needs satisfaction, need frustration and entrepreneurial intention. International Journal of Business and Management, 1(1), 1–11.
Hetland, H., Hetland, J., Andreassen, C. S., Pallesen, S., y Notelaers, G. (2011). Leadership and fulfillment of the three basic psychological needs at work. Career Development International, 16(5), 507–523. https://doi.org/10.1108/13620431111168903
Jowett, G. E., Hill, A. P., Hall, H. K., y Curran, T. (2016). Perfectionism, burnout and engagement in youth
sport: The mediating role of basic psychological needs. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 24, 18–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2016.01.001
Levin, R. (2004). Is the dentist an entrepreneur? Yes and no. Journal of the American Dental Association, 135(12), 1733–1734. https://doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.2004.0128
Li, C., Wang, C. K. J., Pyun, D. Y., y Kee, Y. H. (2013). Burnout and its relations with basic psychological needs and motivation among athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 14(5), 692–700. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2013.04.009
Luzzi, L. y Spencer, A. (2011). Job satisfaction of the oral health labour force in Australia. Australian Dental Journal, 56(1), 23–32. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1834-7819.2010.01282.x
Maslach, C. y Jackson, S. E. (1986). The measurement of experienced Burnout.
Maslach, C., Jackson, S., y Leiter, M. (1986). Malasch Burnout Inventory (3rd edition). In Evaluating Stress: A Book of Resources, Volume 1 (pp. 191–218). https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030020205
Moore, R. y Brødsgaard, I. (2001). Dentists’ perceived stress and its relation to perceptions about anxious patients. Community Dentistry y Oral Epidemiology, 29(1), 73–80. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0528.2001.029001073.x
Ne Gagné, M. y Deci, E. L. (2005). Self-determination theory and work motivation. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26, 331–362. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.322
Ordell, S., Söderfeldt, B., Hjalmers, K., Berthelsen, H., y Bergström, K. (2013). Organization and overall job satisfaction among publicly employed, salaried dentists in Sweden and Denmark. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 71(6), 1443–1452. https://doi.org/10.3109/00016357.2013.767933
Ortega Ruiz, C. y Lopez Rios, F. (2004). El burnout o síndrome de estar quemado en los profesionales sanitarios: Revisión y perspectivas. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 4(1), 137–160.
Puriene, A, Aleksejuniene, J., Petrauskiene, J., Balciuniene, I., y Janulyte, V. (2008). Self-perceived Mental
Health and Job Satisfaction among Lithuanian Dentists. Industrial Health, 46(3), 247–252. https://doi.org/10.2486/indhealth.46.247
Reyes-Torres, M., Rios-Santos, J. V., Lopez-Jimenez, A., Herrero-Climent, M., y Bullon, P. (2012). Job satisfaction and depression in the Spanish Society of Periodontology and Research (SEPA) members, and their relation to the burnout syndrome. Creation of a structural model. Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral y Cirugia Bucal, 17(5). https://doi.org/10.4317/medoral.17478
Rios-Santos, J., Reyes-Torres, M., Lopez-Jimenez, A., Morillo-Velazquez, J. M., y Bullón, P. (2010). Burnout and depression among Spanish periodontology practitioners. Medicina Oral, Patología Oral y Cirugía Bucal, 15(5), 813–819. https://doi.org/10.4317/medoral.15.e813
Roth, S. F., Heo, G., Varnhagen, C., Glover, K. E., y Major, P. W. (2003). Job satisfaction among Canadian orthodontists. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 123(6), 695–700. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0889-5406(03)00200-2
Ryan, R. M., Patrick, H., Deci, E. L., y Williams, G. C. (2008). Facilitating health behaviour change and its maintenance: Interventions based on Self- Determination Theory. The European Health Psychologist, 10(1), 2–6.
Salazar, F. B. C., Sipiyaruk, K., White, S., y Gallagher, J. E. (2019). Key determinants of health and wellbeing of dentists within the UK: A rapid review of over two decades of research. British Dental Journal, 227(2), 127–136. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41415-019-0485-2
Schultz, P. P., Ryan, R. M., Niemiec, C. P., Legate, N., y Williams, G. C. (2015). Mindfulness, work climate, and psychological need satisfaction in employee well-being. Mindfulness, 6(5), 971–985. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-014-0338-7
Seisdedos, N. (1997). MBI. Inventario de “Burnout” de Maslach: Manual. Madrid: TEA.
Singh, P., Aulak, D. S., Mangat, S. S., y Aulak, M. S. (2016). Systematic review: Factors contributing to burnout in dentistry. Occupational Medicine, 66(1), 27–31. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqv119
Sobrequés, J., Cebrià, J., Segura, J., Rodríguez, C., García, M., y Juncosa, S. (2003). La satisfacción laboral y el desgaste profesional de los médicos de atención primaria. Atención Primaria, 31(4), 227–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0212-6567(03)79164-1
Sulea, C., van Beek, I., Sarbescu, P., Virga, D., y Schaufeli, W. B. (2015). Engagement, boredom, and burnout among students: Basic need satisfaction matters more than personality traits. Learning and Individual Differences, 42(4), 132–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2015.08.018
Te Brake, H., Gorter, R., Hoogstraten, J., y Eijkman, M. (2001). Burnout intervention among Dutch dentists: Long-term effects. European Journal of Oral Science, 109, 380–387.
Te Brake, J. H. M., Bouman, A. M., Gorter, R. C., Hoogstraten, J., y Eijkman, M. A. J. (2008). Using the Maslach Burnout Inventory among dentists: Burnout measurement and trends. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 36(1), 69–75. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.2007.00372.x
Van den Broeck, A., Ferris, D. L., Chang, C. H., y Rosen, C. C. (2016). A Review of Self-Determination Theory’s Basic Psychological Needs at Work. Journal of Management, 42(5), 1195–1229. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206316632058
Van Den Broeck, A., Vansteenkiste, M., De Witte, H., y Lens, W. (2008). Explaining the relationships between job characteristics, burnout, and engagement: The role of basic psychological need satisfaction. Work and Stress, 22(3), 277–294. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678370802393672
Van der Burgt, S. M. E., Kusurkar, R. A., Wilschut, J. A., Tjin A Tsoi, S. L. N. M., Croiset, G., y Peerdeman, S. M. (2019). Medical specialists’ basic psychological needs, and motivation for work and lifelong learning: A two-step factor score path analysis. BMC Medical Education, 19(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-019-1754-0
White, R. W. (1959). Motivation reconsidered: The concept of competence. Psychological Review, 66(5), 297–333.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
The authors who publish in this journal accept the following conditions:
1. The authors retain the copyright and assign to the journal the right to first publication, with the work registered under the Creative Commons Attribution license, which allows third parties to use what has been published as long as they mention the authorship of the work and the first publication in this journal.
2. Authors may make other independent and additional contractual agreements for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the article published in this journal (e.g., inclusion in an institutional repository or publication in a book) provided that they clearly indicate that the work was first published in this journal.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to publish their work on the Internet (e.g., on institutional or personal pages) before and during the review and publication process, as this may lead to productive exchanges and greater and faster dissemination of published work (see The Effect of Open Access).
